Two Fledgling Land Invasions: In 1999 and 2001, two new land invasions were founded in Lima’s district of Villa El Salvador. The first, Villa Mar, was founded by about 200 families, but the neighborhood rapidly declined due to severe internal conflicts and a geographically precarious location. The second, Paraíso (“Paradise”), also had some internal challenges, but by 2003 it had acquired some basic services including electricity, water delivery, and low-quality streets. Both neighborhoods, however, remained desperately poor, with few families earning any regular income.

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Demanding The Land

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